Start by washing the eggplant and cutting it into 1-inch cubes. Sprinkle a generous amount of sea salt over the cubes and let them sit for about 30 minutes.
After 30 minutes, rinse the eggplant cubes under cold water to remove the salt. Pat them dry with a clean kitchen towel or paper towels.
In a large skillet, heat about 120 ml (½ cup) of the extra-virgin olive oil over medium heat. Add the eggplant cubes and sauté them until golden brown and tender, about 8-10 minutes.
In the same skillet, add a tablespoon of olive oil if needed, and toss in the minced garlic clove. Sauté for about 1 minute until fragrant, then add the canned plum tomatoes, breaking them up with a spoon.
Pour in the water or the juice from the canned tomatoes to create a sauce. Add the basil leaves, a pinch of brown sugar (or a bay leaf), and season with sea salt and black pepper. Let this simmer for about 15 minutes.
While the sauce simmers, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add your pasta of choice and cook according to package instructions until al dente. Reserve a cup of pasta water, then drain the pasta.
Add the sautéed eggplant back into the tomato sauce and stir to combine. Toss in the cooked pasta, adding a bit of reserved pasta water if necessary.
Plate the Pasta alla Norma - Eggplant Pasta, and finish with a sprinkle of grated ricotta salata cheese on top. Garnish with additional basil leaves if desired. Enjoy!