Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the penne pasta and cook according to package instructions until al dente. Drain and set aside, reserving about ½ cup of pasta water for later.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the diced chicken breast, sprinkle with Cajun seasoning, garlic powder, onion powder, salt, and pepper. Cook until the chicken is browned on all sides and cooked through, about 6-8 minutes. Remove the chicken from the skillet and set aside.
In the same skillet, add the diced bell peppers and corn kernels. Sauté for 3-4 minutes until the peppers are slightly softened and the corn is heated through.
Pour in the chicken broth and heavy cream, stirring to combine. Bring the mixture to a gentle simmer, allowing it to thicken slightly for about 3-5 minutes. Taste and adjust seasoning with salt, pepper, and more Cajun seasoning if desired.
Return the cooked chicken to the skillet along with the drained penne pasta. Toss everything together gently to coat the pasta and chicken evenly with the creamy sauce. If the sauce is too thick, add reserved pasta water a little at a time until you reach your preferred consistency.
Remove from heat and sprinkle freshly chopped parsley over the top for a burst of color and freshness. Serve immediately and enjoy a warm, comforting meal that’s bursting with flavor.